Biography of Prince Yaroslav

The latest news biography is one of the most revered Old Russian princes - Prince Yaroslav the Wise, the son of the great Vladimir Svyatoslavovich Baptist. He received a wise nickname for his love for enlightenment and the creation of the first known code of laws in Rus', later called "Russian truth." Prince Yaroslav wise and he is also a father, an uncle and grandfather of many European rulers.

At baptism, Yaroslav received the name George or Yuri. The Russian Orthodox Church venerates him as a faithful and even introduced his memory to the saints. In a leap year, this is March 4, and in the usual one-the 5th. Childhood and youth about the date of birth of Yaroslav Vladimirovich are arguing today. But most historians and scientists are inclined to the fact that the prince was born in the year, although no one has complete confidence in this.

His birthday is all the more unknown. His parents were Vladimir Svyatoslavovich, who belonged to the family of Rurikovich, and Polotsk Princess Rogned Rogvolodovna. Although there is no consent. For example, the most famous historian Nikolai Kostomarov doubted that it was Rogneda who was the mother of Yaroslav. And his French colleague Arrignon even believed that the prince was born by the Byzantine princess Anna.

Allegedly, it is precisely this circumstance that explains his intervention in intravisant affairs in the year. Vladimir Svyatoslavovich and Rogneda Rogvolodovna. The artist A. Losenko, but for the sake of justice, it is worth noting that the rest of the historians is inclined to consider Rogneded a woman who gave life to the famous princes from the Old Russian princes.

All four offspring born with Rogneda, Izyaslav, Mstislav, Yaroslav and Vsevolod, Grand Duke Vladimir sent to reign in different cities. Yaroslav went to Rostov. But since the boy was barely 9 years old, the breadwinner and the Buddy governor were assigned to him in other sources of Buda. Later, when the matured prince Yaroslav the Wise began to rule Novgorod, the breadwinner and mentor turned into the nearest associate.

The board of this period is the nature of legends and legends. The time of Prince Yaroslav the Wise, like the personality itself, some historians tend to idealize, others are demonized. True, as usual, somewhere in the middle. Yaroslav the wise reign of Novgorod had a higher status than the management of Rostov. Nevertheless, the Novgorod ruler had a subordinate status in relation to Kyiv, that is, Vladimir.

It was the amount of 2 thousand hryvnias. I must say that its size was only a little inferior to the squad of Vladimir. Probably, it was this circumstance that prompted his son to rebel and refuse to pay a huge tribute to his father in the year. The Novgorodians supported their posadnik, about which there is information in the preserved chronicles. Vladimir was angry and began to prepare a campaign to pacify the rebels.

But at that time he was in advanced years. Soon he fell ill and died suddenly, without punishing his son. Svyatopolk was taken by the eldest son, Svyatopolk Cursed, Svyatopnaya Place. In order to protect himself and hold power in his hands, he destroyed three brothers: Boris, who was especially loved by the Kiev, Gleb and Svyatoslav. The same fate was waiting for the Novgorod Posadnik.

But he managed to defeat Svyatopolk in a bloody battle of Lyuba and entered Kyiv in a year. The fragile truce between the brothers who divided Kyiv in the Dnieper, from time to time, went into the “hot” stage. But the Svyatopolk was gone in OM, and Yaroslav the wise began the undivided rule of the Kyiv throne. The great merit of Prince Yaroslav the Wise was the victory over the Pechenegs.

It happened in the year. As the annals say, the city was besieged by nomads at a time when the ruler was led to Novgorod, where he took part in the laying of the temple. But having received the news of danger, he quickly returned and broke the Pechenegs. From this moment, their devastating and bloody raids on Rus' stopped briefly. Sophia Cathedral, Kyiv began the "golden" time of Yaroslav the Wise.

After the wins, the nobleman took up the grandiose construction. At the site of a brilliant victory over the nomads, the Sofia Cathedral was laid. He was largely a copy of the cathedral in Constantinople. Decorated with magnificent frescoes and mosaics, the temple was struck by the beauty of contemporaries and pleases the eye today. The nobleman did not spare funds for church gospel and invited the best Greek masters to decorate the cathedral.

And also in the city there were famous golden gates, repeated the same in Constantinople. The church of the Annunciation grew over them. The ruler made considerable efforts to interrupt the dependence of the Russian Orthodox Church on the Byzantium, domestic and foreign policy. Therefore, in the year for the first time in the history of Rus', her church was headed by the Russian, not the Greek metropolitan.

His name was Illarion. Yaroslav the wise domestic policy of Yaroslav the Wise was aimed at increasing the education of the people and eradicating the remains of the pagan faith. The Christian faith was vaccinated with renewed vigor. In this, the son continued the work of his great father, Vladimir Baptist. The son ordered to translate Greek manuscript books into Slavic.He himself loved to read and tried to instill a love of reading and enlightening his subordinates.

The clergy began to teach children to literacy. A school for boys appeared in Novgorod, which accepted the first students. The number of books quickly grew and book wisdom was erected in a kind of fashion of that time. Being enlightened became prestigious. The Library of Yaroslav the Wise in the Tale of Bygone Years refers to a certain collection of books and documents, which is usually called the library of Yaroslav the Wise.

Scientists talk about different quantities: from to volumes. According to some reports, the library was transferred to the prince according to other information - his great -grandson of the Sofia Cathedral. Since ancient books that are thousands of years have not been found, there are many hypotheses where they can be stored. Some argue that these can be the dungeons of the Sofia Cathedral, others talk about the catacombs of the Kiev-Pechersk Lavra, and others about the Vydubitsky monastery.

But there are skeptics that believe that priceless folios could not survive after the devastating Polovtsian raids and fires. Another version that has the right to exist - the library of Yaroslav the Wise became part of the no less legendary library of Ivan the Terrible. Kiev-Pechersk Lavra Prince Yaroslav the Wise stood at the origins of the appearance of the first Russian monasteries, including the main one-Kiev-Pechersky.

The monastery not only made a huge contribution to the promotion and popularization of Christianity and Orthodoxy, but also played a huge role in enlightenment. After all, the annals were compiled here and books were translated. And in this wonderful time, the “Russian Pravda” Yaroslav the Wise appeared. This is the first code of laws of Rus', which followers prepared and increased.

Historians highly appreciate the foreign policy of the nobleman, in which he also achieved great success. It seems that he was the first of the Russian princes to emphasize, not the power of weapons. Yaroslav the Wise and his set of laws “Russian Pravda” at that time at that time to establish relations with other states were considered dynastic marriages. And since Kievan Rus during the reign of the wise turned into an enlightened and strong state, many rulers of European countries expressed a “related” desire to “relax”.

From her father, she got a rich dowry - the city of Anyagaborg later Ladoga. The lands adjacent to it were called Ingermanland, which translates as the lands of Ingigerda. Yaroslav-Caucasus the son of the prince-Vsevolod-married the Greek princess. Two more offspring - on German princesses. The son of Izyaslav took the sister of the Polish Prince Casimir as his wife, and Casimir himself married the sister of the wise - goodgrine.

The daughters of the Kyiv nobles were the same dynastic marriages. Elizabeth was married to the Norwegian king Garald, Anastasia - for the Hungarian ruler Andrei. But the most famous and revered was the daughter of Anna Yaroslavna, who became the wife of the French king Henry I. As a result of such foreign policy, Prince Yaroslav the Wise turned out to be connected with the bonds of kinship with many strong neighbors, near and distant.

The foundation of the cities, Prince Yaroslav the Wise founded Yuryev. It happened in the year when he went to the Chud. The new city, named after its angel, appeared on the shores of Lake Peipsi. Now it is called Tartu and is the second largest Estonian city after Tallinn. The city of Yuryev is now Tartu, Estonia is another city of Yaroslav the Wise - Yaroslavl, although some historians consider the fact of its founding the prince is not indisputable.

There is another Yuryev, which was founded by the prince. This city turned out to be simultaneously a fortress that was part of the Powder Defensive line. He was erected to protect Kyiv from nomads. In the year of Tatar-Mongols, he was destroyed, leaving only the ruins of the Church. Around it, the city was revived, called the White Church.