The biography of cotton briefly

The history of the production of cotton fabrics the story of the production of fabrics from cotton “white gold” - so respectfully called cotton and not in vain. Due to its unique properties, cotton fiber is used in all sectors of the economy. Cotton fabric is practical in use. It is strong, hygienic, resistant to exposure from the outside, hygroscopic. Cotton things differ in special convenience when wearing, they are soft and quite strong.

And today, in the era of high technology, cotton is 50 percent of the volume of world production of all fibers. In everyday life, it is used for sewing bedding, bedspreads, clothing, upholstery, tablecloths, towels, etc. Technical fabric from cotton goes to the manufacture of gangs and vests, mittens and overalls, is used as packaging and wiping material, basalt and filter fabric, insulation.

The culture of the cultivation of cotton is lost in the depths of centuries. It is impossible to determine exactly when and where his story began. Officially, India is recognized as the ancestor of cotton. It was there that during archaeological surveys in one of the centers of Harappal civilization-mohendo-Daro, the territory of modern Pakistan-the remains of fabrics from cotton woven from the GG were found.

In China, cotton appeared much later, only in the city of the development of the textile industry in China was held at a slow pace, only silk for centuries remained the main fiber. For a long time, the cotton was given a place of only an element of decoration of the dwellings. Surprisingly, for a fairly long period, not raw materials were supplied to Europe, but only ready -made fabrics.

Not everyone could afford to buy cotton fabric. It was estimated by the number of gold coins equal to it by weight. This explains the fact that only a very rich and successful person could be the owner of such a fabric. The cotton came to Europe from Asia through Greece in G. Subsequently, the Arabs brought with them ways to cultivate cotton to Spain, Italy and North Africa. After the expulsion of the Arabs from Europe, the crusaders took the main positions in the culture of the cultivation of cotton.

It was they who activated commercial trade in cotton between Asia Minor and Italy. In England, the cotton was imported in G. But until the XIV century, cotton was used only as a wick for lamps. Industrial production of cotton fabric began much later, in the year. The beginning of the history of the spread of cotton on the American continent is lost in the depths of centuries.

It is generally accepted that the Inca cotton was the first to use, but Maya was also engaged in the cultivation of cotton. The Aztecs that inhabited the territory of modern Guatemala and Peninsula of Yukatan also used cotton products in everyday life. It is known that in Florida, colonists from Spain raised cotton with G. on the African continent Center for Cotton Culture of Cotton, Sudan can be considered.

The thousand -year history of the development of the textile industry allowed it to become a leading world industry in the XIX. Today, the industrial production of cotton is billions of dollars. Historically, the United States was leading cotton producers, but now the situation has changed, and China has become a leader, which produces more than 7.6 million. The date of the beginning of the development of the cotton industry on Russian manufactories can be called the 18th century.

Although in the year the official envoy of Louis IX Monk Wilhelm de Rubruk described in his reports the facts of trade in cotton fabrics imported from Central Asia, in the southern part of Rus' and in Crimea. The modern production of Russian cotton is located in Kalmykia and in the Stavropol Territory. The volumes are insignificant and make up the total of all kg annually.

Steps are being taken to develop cotton production in these regions, but in our country there are no necessary climatic conditions for the cultivation of cotton. In addition, there are no cotton processing plants in Russia, and this is another reason why the need for the Russian market for cotton is covered by goods imported from other countries. Description: History of production of cotton fabrics.