Enver Khoja Biography

He immediately installed a rigid dictatorship on the model of his idol of Stalin, shooting not only opponents, but also competitors in the party. Albania lived at the expense of loans from social storage, which Khoja simply did not return. In X, he announced that the country was surrounded by enemies, and built about a million bunkers and bunkers in Albania.

The country was on the verge of default, people lived in the starvation, and the party leadership - in a separate area under guard. Monuments were placed in Albania Khoja, in honor of him they called streets, schools and even mountains. He died in the year, his regime was overthrown only at the beginning of X, and some of the older generation of the Albanians still believe that "there was order in Hodge." So far in Belarus, the dictator Alexander Lukashenko, the year holds power, the observer of Babel Sergey Pivovarov recalls the history of the reign of Enver Khoja.

The ice cream seller and pedestrians pass by the building with the portrait of Enver Khoja, a year. The Soviet leader delighted Khoj, becoming his idol and model for imitation for the rest of his life. The next year the Second World War began, Albania occupied the Italian fascist troops of Mussolini. Khoja returned to his homeland, led underground and gathered like -minded people with whom he created the Communist Party of Albania in the year.

Gradually, undergrounds moved from sabotage to full -scale hostilities. And Khoja turned out to be not only a military leader, but also a skillful propagandist. It got to the point that in September, most of the 9th Italian army, along with its commander, passed over the partisans. In October, Albania, the only one in Europe, was freed from occupation without the help of the troops of the anti -Hitler coalition.

Enver Khoja on the right, the only woman is the founder of the Communist Party of Albania Liri Gega in the center, the Yugoslav revolutionary Miladin Popovich on the left, year. Wikimedia Enver Khoja on the right, the only woman is the founder of the Albani Communist Party Liri Gega in the center, the Yugoslav revolutionary Miladin Popovich on the left, year. The leader of the Albanian partisans Enver Khoja in the Odrichan of the Girocastra region in the year.

Wikimedia Khoja, who became a national hero, immediately began to build socialism in Albania according to the Stalinist model. By imitating his idol, Khoja established a rigid dictatorship and single -handedly ruled in the country until his death in the year. The regime lasted another five years, and from the consequences of the reign of Enver Khoja, the economy of Albania cannot recover so far.

Enver Khoja was born in the family of a small merchant. His relatives were active participants in the Alban independence movement from the Ottoman Empire, and then criticized the governments that came to power when the country gained independence. Khoja successfully graduated from elementary school, Lyceum and received a state scholarship to study at the university in France, but did not finish it.

He was so carried away by the works of Marx, Engels, Lenin and especially Stalin that he joined both the French and Belgian Communist Party. The house in the girocastre in the south of Albania, where the childhood of Enver Khoja passed.

Now it is equipped with a museum, July of the year. Wikimedia in the year Khoja returned home. Officially, he worked as a French language teacher, but in fact he collected a backbone for the future Communist Party of Albania. Two years later, his dream came true - he met with Stalin and vowed to create an Albanian analogue of the Bolshevik party. He later held this promise.

After the Second World Hodge, he became the prime minister, the head of the Ministry of Foreign Affairs, the supreme commander in chief and began to build socialism in Albania with an accelerated pace. He began collectivization, industrialization and "cultural re -education of the people." At first, everything went well. Stalin in every possible way supported the "young comrade." Already in August, ships with food, equipment and equipment went to Albania.

Hundreds of Soviet engineers, geologists, doctors, and teachers arrived to restore the economy. The Soviet Union overwhelmed the Albanian army at its own expense and issued several loans on preferential terms. Her agents quickly surpassed their mentors. During the years of Khoja’s reign under arrests, interrogations, deportation, forced labor, police supervision and other repressions were more than a third of the population.

After the death of Stalin, Khoja quarreled with the new Soviet leader Nikita Khrushchev. Khoja practiced such tactics constantly - at first he begged loans from friendly governments, then quarreled with them and refused to return the money. Sometimes the justification of the refusal to us in loans [from the USSR after the death of Stalin] reached the point of absurdity and extreme impudence: you are slowly collectivization, you have no finance, you do not know how to trade.

Enver Khoja, by the middle of the X Khoja, maintained relations only with the Chinese leader of Mao Zedun, who became his new sponsor, and the Romanian dictator Nikolai Ceausescu. After the death of Mao, in the year, Albania broke off relations with China, and did not have to count on loans from Romania, which herself was mired in debt.Enver Khoja hugs the head of the Chinese delegation of Yao Wen-Yuan on the right during his official visit to Albania, on July 21.

The dictators who overthrew: South Korean Dictator Park Chung -hee Ruled the Country in the S-S for Almost 18 Years. He Was Shot At Dinner by A Close Friend and Colleague. Albanians were forbidden to have a car, cottage, listen to rock music, jazz, wear jeans, use "enemy" cosmetics. For the songs of Beatles at one of the music festivals in prison, the Minister of Education and Culture got into prison.

At this time, the country was already balancing on the verge of default. The supply standards are low, peasants live in almost primitive conditions, an employee on their monthly salary can live only a week. Party and government workers in a tyrant live in a separate area protected by the police, in beautiful mansions. The entire population was driven to work.

The leader of the country demanded to build them everywhere: in the mountains, on the coast, in cities and villages. Their number, according to various sources, is from thousands to a million. Khoja’s personal bunker is today converted to a museum, some under a cafe or warehouses. But hundreds of thousands are scattered throughout the country. Bunkers in Albania, built during the time of Khoja, March 7 of the year.

Wikimedia in the conditions of external isolation and hard state control is one of the few “entertainment” for the Albanians remained loud political processes. Khoja, on the model of his idol, Stalin, repressed not only opponents, but also arranged cleaning at the top of the party and the army, thus getting rid of competitors. The secret police “revealed the conspiracies” until the death of the dictator.

The struggle with religion began: mosques, Orthodox cathedrals and monasteries destroyed, and priests were shot. At the same time, two cults of personality - Stalin and Khoja himself continued to develop in Albania. Monuments were placed, in their honor they called cities, enterprises, streets, schools, universities and even mountains. Enver Khoja died on April 11 from hemorrhage to the brain.

The mourning in Albania lasted 9 days, and the Khoja regime lasted another five years. In E, democrats came to power, who first banned the Communist Party and began to demolish monuments to the dictator. But the economy has not been restored so far. Now Albania remains one of the poorest countries in Europe. But the older generation still recalls how "there was order in Hodge." Enver Khoja’s name, written on Mount Pyreg, year.

Wikimedia residents of a small village in northern Albania are waiting for Italian soldiers who carry humanitarian aid after the fall of Khoja’s regime, on September 15. Residents of a small village in northern Albania are waiting for Italian soldiers who are carrying humanitarian aid after the fall of the Khoja regime, on September 15.