Kappel Biography briefly

The last commander in chief of the troops of Admiral Kolchak. August-September G. begins a retreat. From here, with Tobol, the legendary Siberian ice trip of 5 thousand, one of the leaders of the White movement in the east of Russia, originates. General Staff General Lieutenant year. The Commander -in -Chief of the Armies of the Eastern Front of the Russian Army is year.

The Supreme Ruler A. Kolchak planned to make Kappel for his merits to his homeland in full generals, but did not have time. The cavalier of the orders of St. George of the 3rd and 4th degrees, the Order of St. Vladimir of the 4th degree, the orders of St. Anne of the 2nd, 3rd and 4th degrees, orders of St. Stanislav of the 2nd and 3rd degrees. In June, he headed a small detachment of volunteers, which was subsequently deployed into a separate rifle brigade - one of the most reliable and combat -ready military units of the Komuch People’s Army.

Later he commanded the Simbirsk group of the Volga Front of the People’s Army. At the end of the year, during the unification of the anti-Bolshevik armed forces of the East of Russia, he headed the 1st Volga "Kappelsky" Corps of the Kolchak army. In December, having accepted the command of the Russian army perishable to the Eastern Front, he was able to save the army from the encirclement near Krasnoyarsk and bring it to Lake Baikal, albeit at the cost of his own life.

The hereditary nobleman of the Moscow province. Father - Oscar Pavlovich Kappel - a descendant of immigrants from Sweden, a hereditary nobleman of the Coven province. He served in Turkestan, at first the "lower rank", and then an officer. For the difference shown on April 5 in the battle at the Murza-slave tract, the junker of the lightweight battery of the Orenburg artillery brigade Oscar Kappel was awarded the 4th degree of the soldier's St.

George Cross. For the courage shown during the capture of the Jizak fortress, he was made to the warrant officers of the army infantry and was awarded the Order of St. Anna of the 4th degree with the inscription "For courage" and the Order of St. Stanislav of the 3rd degree with swords and bow. In the year he went to the service in a separate gendarmes building, captain.

Mother - Elena Petrovna, nee Strostolskaya, daughter of Lieutenant General P. Postolsky - participant in the Crimean War, Hero of the Defense of Sevastopol, Cavalier of the Order of St. George of the 4th degree. The Mother of the Stalin's Civil War and the time of the Stalinist repressions, the mother of V. Kappel survived, replacing one letter in her surname and stood E. lived in Moscow.

Brother - Boris, sister - Vera. Wife - Olga Sergeevna, nee Strogan. Born on July 24. The daughter of the real state adviser, the mountain chief of the Perm cannon plants Strogman, Sergey Alekseevich. The wedding took place secretly in the year V. Kappel in January of the year stole a lover out of his parental house and married her in the rural church, as the bride’s parents were against her marriage with a young officer.

The relationship of V. Kappel with them normalized only after his admission to the Nikolaev Academy of the General Staff, the end of which allowed to count on a successful career. During the Civil War, the Bolsheviks were taken hostage, but attempts to blackmail the general with her help were unsuccessful. For the sake of saving children, she abandoned her husband. After the civil war, she remained in Russia, again taking the maiden surname Strogan.

In March, she was sentenced to 5 years in prison as ESR "socially dangerous element". I died on April 7. Children are Tatyana and Cyril. Primary education completed in the year. He graduated from the 2nd Cadet Corps in St. Petersburg, the Nikolaev Cavalry School in the year in the first category and released by the cornet in the Dragun Novomirgorodsky regiment. In the year he graduated from the Imperial Nikolaev Military Academy.

At the Academy, he was highly appreciated for the report "Car Service in the army. The main foundations of the organization of car troops". Since the year, he served in the Dragun Novomirgorod Regiment in the year renamed the Ylan Novomirgorodsky Regiment: from the year - Cornet, s - lieutenant. From the year - a regimental adjutant. In the years, the regiment was stationed in the Warsaw province, C - in Perm, where he was involved in the fight against the military organization of the Lovovs.

In the year he was awarded the Order of St. Stanislav of the 3rd degree. In the year he graduated from the Imperial Nikolaev Military Academy in the first category with the right to receive the advantages when serving the General Staff on February 2, was promoted to headquarters. For successes in the study of military sciences on May 8, he was awarded the Order of St.

Anna of the 3rd degree. He served in the Moscow Military District since the year. In the year he was seconded to the Nikolaev officer cavalry school in order to "study the technical side of the cavalry affairs." At the time of the beginning of the war, Vladimir Oskarovich was in the army. The commander-General of Cavalry A. Litvinov, was appointed to the headquarters of the 5th Army Corps, where from July 23 to February 3, he acted as a chief officer for instructions.

Then the headquarters-captain Kappel was sent directly to the front as the senior adjutant of the headquarters of the 5th Don Cossack Division since February 9. Produced in captains.In October - November, the commander - general from the cavalry, V. Oranovsky, acting as part of the 1st Army of the Western Front, acts as a senior adjutant of the headquarters of the 1st Cavalry Corps.

From November 9 to March 14 - senior adjutant of the headquarters of the Cavalry Division. In November, he temporarily acts as chief of staff of the division. Since March 18, he was transferred to the post of headquarters for instructions to the Office of the Commander General of the headquarters of the Commander-in-Chief of the South-Western Front. At this time, at the front headquarters, under the leadership of the Commander -in -Chief of Cavalry A.

Brusilov, the development of one of the most successful operations of the Russian army, Lutsk, later called the Brusilovsky Breakthrough. Kappel, along with other officers, took an active part in the development of this operation. After that, from June 16 to August 12, he was temporarily sent to the 3rd Army, at the headquarters of the Consolidated Corps of Lieutenant General N. Bulatov, where he first held the position of “headquarters in the General Staff”, and then the position of chief of the operational department.

In the year he lived with his family in Perm. In the spring of the year, a short time was in service at the headquarters of the Volga Military District in Samara. However, neither in the formation of the formed Red Army, nor, even more so, in hostilities on the side of the Reds, did not take any participation. Gagkuev indicates that, perhaps, Kappel's wife was already taken by the Chekists hostage.

There is also the probability that V. Kappel belonged to one of the secret officer organizations and, thus, carried out its task at the headquarters of the Bolsheviks. He refused the head of the department of the district headquarters, which was received in the department for office work in the service of the General Staff by the corresponding personal telegram V.

at the first opportunity - immediately after the Samara occupation by the troops of the Czechoslovak corps, which raised the rebellion in connection with the intention of the Soviet government to disassemble and interpret the Committee of the Committee of the Constituent Assembly to the Committee of the Constituent Assembly to the Committee of the Constituent Assembly positions of the assistant chief of the operational department of the main headquarters.

At this post, however, the number of the first volunteer parts remained less than the day - a pair of infantry companies, a cavalry squadron and an equestrian battery about two guns - was insignificant in comparison with the forces of the Reds that began to hang from all sides. Therefore, there were few who wanted to command the first Samara volunteers among officers - everyone considered the case to be doomed to failure in advance.

Only one lieutenant colonel Kappel volunteered. One of the contemporaries recalled the meeting on June 9 or 10 of the officers of the General Staff living in Samara, on which the question was raised about who would lead the volunteer units: there were no people who wanted to take on a heavy and responsible role. Everyone was silently silent, dropping their eyes. Someone timidly suggested throwing lots.

And then, a modest look, almost no one, who had recently arrived in Samara, stood up and asked for the words: “If there are no people who want, then temporarily, until there is the elder, I will allow me to lead the units against the Bolsheviks,” he said calmly and quietly. Already in the summer, the name of Kappel became known throughout the Volga, the Urals and Siberia. Kappel sought victory not by number, but by his skill, in a sovorovsky, which was already shown by his first brilliant operation of the daze.

The monarchist in convictions, far from the views of the leaders-settlers of the Komuch, Kappel was sure that the main task of the moment was the struggle against Bolshevism. It was not so important for him, under what slogans the work of a clan was going on, the main thing is the opportunity to immediately enter into the fight against the Soviet regime. Since November - Lieutenant General.

In mid-November, Kappel was appointed commander of the 3rd Army, composed mainly of captured Red Army soldiers who have not passed sufficient training. In the majority, at the first opportunity, they pass to the side of the Reds. During the collapse of the government of the Government Kolchak, the Commander -in -Chief of the White Troops in Siberia from December 12, after the remaining troops of Novonikolaevsk.

With continuous battles, the troops of Kappel departed along the railway, experiencing huge hardships in the conditions of degree frost, making an unprecedented bumpy path from Omsk Dobaibaikal. The Supreme Ruler was going to assign V. Kappel for outstanding merits to the Motherland of the full general, but did not manage to do this. Upon learning of this, Kappel called Yana Syrovoy to the duel of the Czechs and Slovaks in Siberia, but he did not receive an answer to the challenge.

During the retreat near Krasnoyarsk in the early January of the year, the Kappel army was surrounded as a result of the rebellion of General Zinevich, who demanded surrender from the capel. However, after fierce battles, the Kappelevites were able to go around the city and break out of the environment. The further path of the army of Kappel passed along the rivers of the Kan River.This section of the path turned out to be one of the most difficult - in many places the ice of the river was tamed due to non -freezing hot springs, which gave numerous wormwood in the conditions of almost degree frost.