The biography of the Zhukovsky date

Vasily Zhukovsky poet of the Russian Empire The role and place in the literature of V. Zhukovsky is a famous poet, teacher and translator, one of the first to introduce the Russian reader to the works of world literature. His translations from Schiller, Byron, Goethe, Homer still had no analogues. He is the author of numerous ballads, elegy, romances.

He combined writing with the public service, pedagogy and mentoring. His work combined the features of classicism, romanticism and realism, and largely enriched Russian literature. Unusually high was the authority of V. Zhukovsky for young Pushkin. For many years of friendship, they could not but affect the work of a brilliant poet, who called Zhukovsky a “guardian angel”.

The origin and early years Vasily Andreevich Zhukovsky was born in the village of Mishenskoye, the Tula province on February 9. The village of Mishenskoye by his father was the landowner A. Bunin, and the biological mother was the captive Turkish woman Salha. With illegal origin, the child could not inherit the title of his father, so A. Bunin had all his strength to ensure that the boy was adopted and legalized by A.'s nobleman Zhukovsky, who lived at that time in the Bunin estate.

In the year, Vasily, as a six -year -old child, was already enrolled in military service. This was practiced in those years for the sake of receiving the rank. As the child grows up, his title grew. It is not surprising that after some time, in fact, the children became officers. The Moscow university boarding house after entering his surname in the noble pedigree book, he was expelled from the regiment.

Now he could legally continue his education.

For further training, Zhukovsky was defined in a commercial boarding house. At the age of eight, he entered the Main Public School, from where he was expelled for the lack of abilities. By that time, Zhukovsky’s father was no longer alive, and the boy remained in the care of his consolidated sister Barbara Yushkova. Here for the first time his literary abilities were manifested.

A home theater was organized in the sister’s house, and Vasily enchanted by him wanted to immediately join this art. The boy wrote his first small play “Camill, or Liberated Rome”. Having received a surroundings of the applause as a success that Zhukovsky’s restraint is accepted with fervor for writing. Education during the years of study for some time Zhukovsky was at home training, but was aware of the need to receive this education.

In the year, he enters the Moscow University boarding house, where he studied up to a year. During this period, he not only gets acquainted with classical literature, but also makes attempts to independent creativity. He begins to be published in periodicals of the boarding house. Here he meets the Karamzin brothers, one of which, Nikolai, will become a great friend for him. If the work of Zhukovsky for some reason did not like Karamzin, he subjected it to fair criticism in detail, so that the writer developed a high artistic level of skill.

Creativity after the boarding house of the young man was sent to serve in the salt office. He spent less than two years there and returned to the Tula province, to his sister's house. At this time, his literary career is built mainly on translations. Also during this period, he wrote the first verses in the style of romanticism and sentimentalism. An illustration for the Ballad of Svetlana, his writer's career begins in the editorial office of the magazine "Bulletin of Europe", which is headed by Nikolai Karamzin.

This journal first publishes the elegy of the rural cemetery and the story “Maryina Roshcha”. These works provide him with certain fame in the literary community. He also finishes Svetlana’s ballad, but transfers continue to be the main source of income. The house-museum in Orekhovo during the war with Napoleon Zhukovsky, encouraged by civil debt, enters the service of a lieutenant.

He happened to participate in the militia and consist in the reserve of units that took part in the battle of Borodino. In the year, Zhukovsky, after a wound, ends a military career. C to gg. Zhukovsky takes part in the literary society "Arzamas". At this time, he communicates closely with K. Batyushkov, I. Krylov, N. The young writers are adjacent to them - A. Pushkin, P.

Pletnev and others. In the year, Zhukovsky was called to the court as a reader of Empress Maria Fedorovna. Then he taught the Russian language to Princess Charlotte - the future Empress Alexander Fedorovna. In the year he was appointed mentor of Tsarevich, who later became Emperor Alexander II. The obelisk in Michensky during this period blooms the talent of Zhukovsky-poet.

They create the famous ballads "Vadim" and "Eolova Arf". As well as the poems "Sea" and "Flowers of the Covenant", they are written in the genre of sentimental romanticism. In years, translations continue to occupy a large place in creativity. He works on translations of the poems of Schiller and Byron. At some time, the genre of fairy tales begins to attract him, and he creates the “Sleeping Princess” and “Tales of King Berendei”.In the year, he wrote a work that formed the basis of the sovereign anthem - the "prayer of the Russian people." The poet began to write the most significant works, while still in a noble boarding house.

The first poems are created in the spirit of classicism. An example is the May Morning. The abstract description of the pictures of nature, the use of high vocabulary are characteristic signs of the author's early works. The works of the early period were often written by him in the genre of elegy. Such is the poem "Rural Cemetery", published in the "Bulletin of Europe".

The main topic is reasoning against the background of the cemetery about the speed of life. The monument to Ostafyevo leaves a little from the idea of ​​classicism Elegy "Evening". Friendship, love, beauty, according to the author, are the best things in human life. They glorified Zhukovsky and two ballads, one of which “Lyudmila” was a translation of G. Burger, and the other “Svetlana”, was the original of Zhukovsky himself.

If Lyudmila is permeated with medieval gloom, fear and punishment in the final, then in Svetlana funny, life -affirming notes expressed by the author with the help of folklore. Zhukovsky reunites his heroine Svetlana with her lover. In the ballad "Twelve Sleeping Virgo" the poet transfers action from medieval Germany to ancient Rus'. The main idea of ​​the work is the atonement of sin and spiritual purification.

The ballad of two parts consists of “thunder” and “Vadim”. In both parts, the pictures of nature and human emotions are masterfully described - love, fear, forgiveness. There are miracles, fantastic phenomena. The whole abundance of different elements is clothed by the author into an elegant poetic form. Zhukovsky was not a third -party observer of the war with Napoleon, but took part in it in the rank of lieutenant, fought with the enemy and was injured.

The patriotic work “Singer in the camp of Russian soldiers” is devoted to this topic. Most of it was written during the fighting. By the genre, it resembles an ode by its solemn presentation, using praising epithets and old -Slavonic words. The poet expresses admiration for the valor of Russian soldiers and their courage in the fight against the enemy. In recent years, at the end of the x, he accompanies Tsarevich traveling around Europe.

Returning to Russia, he retired and again goes abroad. Its activity consists mainly of translations. After a huge work in the year, the translation of the Odyssey Homer in two volumes is released. The poet spent the rest of his life in Germany. He was very ill and blind on one eye. He died in the year in Baden-Baden. He was buried in Russia. Chronological table by dates.