F Pisarro biography

In years, he participated in the conquest of Panama and Peru, opened part of the Pacific coast of South America with the hall. Guayakil and the Western Cordilier of the Andes, plundered and destroyed the Inca Tauantinsui state, founded the city of Lima and Trukhillo. He participated in the expedition of A. Okhoda to the shores of South America, in the conquest of Panama, accompanied Nunes de Balboa, who opened the Pacific Ocean in the years along with D.

Almagro organized two expeditions to the shores of South America in order to conquer the Inca state. In the year he was appointed ruler of Peru. In the years, taking advantage of the internecine struggle of the Incas, he plundered and destroyed their state. In the year, he founded the city to Limu, brutally suppressed the uprising of the Indians to the struggle for power and the section of extraction between Pisarro and Almagro ended with the execution of the latter, but his supporters soon killed Pisarro.

Soviet historical encyclopedia. In 16 volumes. Tom Literature: Volsky S. Pizarro, 2 ed. Aires, Francisco Pisarro. Francisco Pisarro is a native of Trukhillo, Estremadura. One of the sons of Gonzalo Pizarro, the poor Idalgo, who became a soldier in Italy. He was brought up like a peasant child, and all his life remained illiterate. He began his military service in Italy, and in the city of almost twenty years he did not stand out among his associates.

Having settled in Panama, he received Enkomede put on land with the Indians, took up cattle breeding and probably conducted a comfortable existence. After G. in Pisarro, he united with another soldier, Diego de Almagro. They set off on swimming on three small ships from a hundred people. Three years later, his energy and endurance helped him defeat the hostile natural elements and people.

In - gg. Pisarro reached the city of Tumbes and finally received the opportunity to evaluate the wealth and power of the Inca empire. But to conquer it, he lacked resources. In addition, he faced the hostility of the ruler of the Panama Isthmus. He went to Spain and achieved from Charles to support his undertaking and the title of governor of the territories that he will be able to win.

Almagro focused only on his deputy’s posts. He had three ships and a detachment of 85 people at his disposal. After the capture of the tolerance, he founded the city of San Migel de Piur to establish a message with Panama, and began to distribute land allotments with the Indians to his people. At the time of the arrival of Pisarro, the Inca Empire only left the civil war between the sons of the High Inca of Wine Kapak - Uaskar and Atailepa; The victory remained with the last.

Following the example of Cortes Pizarro, he decided to get into the depths of the empire, meet with Atailepa and invite him to recognize the sovereignty of Charles V. He crossed the Cordilier and reached the city of Kahamark, where the Inca residence was located. Pisarro asked him for an audience, and the next day he unexpectedly attacked the palace, defeated the guard and captured him on November 16 in June Pisarro finally returned to Cuzco, the capital of the empire.

He transferred the powers to one of the Atailepa brothers, Manko Kapaku, to carry out a rule through him. Almagro, considering himself deprived of prey, decided to restore justice and captured the city, capturing Ernando and Gonzalo Pisarro: this was the first conflict ending almost a draw. The attempt of reconciliation was more or less successful, Ernando Pizarro was freed by Gonzalo escaped, but soon the war resumed.

Almagro supporters were defeated in April, having settled in Cuzco, Ernando Pizarro began to suppress the uprising of Manko Kapak and the country's peaceful arrangement. Pisarro failed to cope with the almagrist, “Chile people” who supported Diego de Almagro the Younger. Without waiting for the arrival of the representative of the king, who was supposed to figure out the conflict and accept the board if necessary, the almagists moved to the actions: on June 26, after fierce resistance, he was killed.

Mazen O. Pizarro Francisco is the illegitimate son of the Spanish military man, Francisco Pizarro in his youth entered the royal military service. Information about any education he received, as well as about the presence of combat experience before his arrival from Spain on the American land, has not been preserved. In the year, Francisco Pisarro took part in the military expedition of Vasco de Balboa to Panama, during which the Spaniards discovered the Pacific Ocean.

For a year, he lived in Panama as a colonist, was elected a magistrate and mayor of this city and managed to make a small fortune. Having become interested in rumors about the Indian civilization unknown to Europeans and its innumerable wealth, the entrepreneurial Pisarro begins to act. The Panamanian mayor, taking the same adventurers as he - Diego de Almagro and Priest Ernando de Luca and, having noticed a detachment of the Spaniards, organized two military expeditions along the Pacific coast of modern Colombia and Ecuador.

However, both of them had no desired success. After the second such military expedition, the governor of Panama refused to support the expensive enterprises Francisco Pisarro.According to legend, Pizarro then held a line in the sand with a sword and offered all participants in the expedition, who wants to continue to seek wealth and glory, cross this line and follow it into unknown lands.

Only twelve people remained under his command, including Diego de Almagro, who believed in his leader and his promises to ozol to ozol them. With these twelve adventurers, Francisco Pizarro managed to find the Inca empire. It should be noted here the fact that the Incas met white people unknown to them with great cordiality and hospitality. For royal Spain, this was a real epoch -making discovery.

With this news, clearly supported by looted gold products, pets unknown to Europeans - lamas and several treacherously captive Incas, the great adventurer triumphantly returned to Panama. However, there Francisco Pisarro, to his considerable surprise, did not receive support from the local governor. He flatly refused to finance and support the third military expedition south. Then the persistent Pisarro sailed to Spain, where he achieved the audience with King Charles V.

He was not without difficulty to convince the Spanish monarch to give him money to organize a conquering campaign. Having received the money, Francisco Pizarro returned to Panama in the rank of general general, having a generic coat of arms and the right to governorship over all lands for more than six hundred miles south of Panama. In January of the year, Captain General Francisco Pizarro went to his third expedition to conquer the Inca Empire.

The oncoming winds forced the Spanish flotilla to hide in the bay, which received the name of St. Matthew from them. Francisco Pisarro did not wait for the weather to improve, and his detachment moved south along the coast of the Pacific Ocean towards the modern city of Tumbes. Indian villages, falling in the way, were plundered. Pisarro learned a lot about the country that he wanted to win.

The capital of the Ink state was a well -fortified city of Cuzco, located high in the mountains - Andes. The Capital of the Incas defended the fortress in Sakso, which had an impressive defensive shaft 10 meters high. The Supreme Inca had a huge army, numbering up to thousands of people. For the military successes of the Incas, they call the "Romans of the New World." Warriors devoted a lot of time to their physical perfection, especially running for long distances.

However, the Indian army could not compare with the Spaniards in the armament. The country had a large number of high -mountain stone fortresses. By the time the Spaniards appeared in the possessions of the Incas, led by Francisco Pizarro, the bloody internecine war has just ended there, which greatly weakened the country. At the beginning of the century, the Supreme Leader of Guain Kapak divided the Inca empire into two parts between his two sons - Atagelpa and Guaskar.

The latter received a large territory and therefore had more warriors. But his brother ataguelpa decided to seize the capital of Cuzco and become the supreme Inca. He managed to outwit Guaskar and pull the military units of the leading leaders to Cuzco. Atagelpa himself arrived at the capital under the pretext of expressing submission, accompanied by strong guard. The deception was discovered too late, and the ruler of Cuzco simply could not gather his army.

When the news reached Atagelpa about the emergence of the Spaniards in his possessions, who created evil and sowing death in the Indian villages, he began to collect many thousandth army for a campaign against them. Pisarro, having learned about the military preparations of the Supreme Inca, was not scared and moved to the Andes hard -to -reach along the mountain path. The Spaniards were conducted by the Indian conductors, and they confidently advanced among the mountain th.

The detachment that Konkistador led, totaled all the beautifully armed infantrymen and 67 cavalrymen and had light guns. Surprisingly, Pizarro, the Indians did not protect mountain trails and passes against him. In front of the city there was already a huge army of Atagelpa in a camp camp. Francisco Pisarro, following the example of Cortes and many other Spanish conquerors, acted extremely insidiously and decisively.

He invited to his negotiations atagorm, knowing very well that the Incas considered their supreme leader a demigod, who could not even touch a finger. On that day, they really were not afraid of the Spaniards.